Tests Used to Investigate CKD
The exams and tests are:
Creatinine is a waste product in your blood that comes from muscle activity. Higher levels of creatinine indicate a falling glomerular filtration rate and as a result a decreased capability of the kidneys to excrete waste products.
A fasting blood glucose test is done to detect high blood sugar levels as high blood sugar level lead to damage blood vessels in the kidneys.
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR): The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is
estimation of the volume of blood that is filtered by the glomeruli in your kidneys over a given period of time. A normal eGFR is 90 ml/min/1.73 m or more.
Urine Protein: When your kidneys are damaged, protein leaks into urine. Normally there is little or no protein in urine. Kidney disease can cause increased protein in the urine. Persistent protein in the urine is an early sign of chronic kidney disease.
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): A blood urea nitrogen test measures the amount of urea nitrogen that's in your blood. Your liver produces ammonia — which contains nitrogen — after it breaks down proteins used by your body's cells. A BUN test is done to see how well your kidneys are working. It is normally removed from your blood by your kidneys. If your kidneys are not able to remove urea from the blood normally, your BUN level rises.
Serum Albumin: Albumin is a protein made by the liver. A serum albumin test measures the amount of this protein in the clear liquid portion of the blood. Low albumin levels can reflect diseases in which the kidneys cannot prevent albumin from leaking from the blood into the urine and being lost. In this case, the amount of albumin or protein in the urine also may be measured (see microalbumin).
TSAT and Serum Ferritin: Serum ferritin in chronic kidney disease: reconsidering the upper limit for iron treatment. TSAT (pronounced tee-sat) and serum ferritin (pronounced ferry-tin) are measures of iron in the body. TSAT should be above 20 percent and your serum ferritin should be above 100.
Urine Creatinine: This test estimates the concentration of your urine and helps to give an accurate protein result. Low levels of creatinine in the urine may point to a kidney disease, certain muscular and neuromuscular disorders, or an obstruction of the urinary tract.
Protein-to-Creatinine Ratio: This estimates the amount of protein you excrete in your urine in a day and avoids the need to collect a 24-hour sample of your urine.
Hemoglobin: Hemoglobin is the part of red blood cells that carries oxygen from your lungs to all parts of your body. This test is often part of a comprehensive test called a complete blood count (CBC) or complete blood test. In patients who have kidney disease, the doctor will look at your hemoglobin and hematocrit levels (You will feel less tired and have more energy when your hematocrit reaches at least 33 to 36 percent) both taken from analyzing your red blood cells. The test is performed throughout the early stages of chronic kidney disease and the later stages, including end stage renal disease (ESRD).
The microalbumin test detects very small amounts of albumin in the urine. Albumin is protein. One of the early signs of damaged kidneys is the presence of albumin in the urine. In the early diagnostic stage of chronic kidney disease. Yearly for people with diabetes or high blood pressure.
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH): High levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) may result from a poor balance of calcium and phosphorus in the body. Blood tests will be done to check calcium, phosphorus, and PTH levels. Phosphorus levels will be low if you have absorption problems, and high if you have kidney failure.This can cause bone disease. Caution: Do not take over-the-counter vitamin D unless ordered by your doctor.
Potassium: Potassium is a mineral in your blood that helps your heart and muscles work properly. A potassium level that is too high or too low may weaken muscles and change your heartbeat. This test to diagnose or monitor kidney disease. The most common cause of high potassium levels is kidney disease.
Total Cholesterol: Cholesterol is a fat-like substance found in your blood. A high cholesterol level may increase your chance of having heart and circulation problems. Having too much cholesterol in the blood is not a disease in itself, but can lead to the hardening and narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis) in the major vascular systems and kidney problems. High cholesterol is also seen in connection with other diseases such as kidney diseases and diabetes.
HDL Cholesterol: HDL cholesterol is a type of "good" cholesterol that protects your heart. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, is the “good” before fit sort of cholesterol, which helps to be the low-density lipoprotein, before LDL, commencing causing wound to your kidneys. For many patients, the target level for HDL cholesterol is above 40.
LDL Cholesterol: LDL cholesterol is a type of "bad" cholesterol. A high LDL level may increase your chance of having heart and circulation problems. For many patients, the target level for LDL cholesterol is below 100. Increased LDLlevels can be caused by certain kidney diseases.
Calcium: Calcium is a mineral that is important for strong bones. Blood calcium is tested to screen for, diagnosis, and monitor a range of conditions relating to the bones, heart, nerves, kidneys and teeth. Calcium need to be checked in kidney disease because low calcium is especially common in those with kidney failure.
Phosphorus: A high phosphorus level can lead to weak bones. While phosphorus tests are most commonly performed on blood samples, phosphorus is sometimes measured in urine samples to monitor elimination by the kidneys. Higher than normal levels of phosphorus (hyperphosphatemia) may be due to or associated with Kidney failure and hypoparathyroidism.
Blood Pressure: For hypertension patients, make sure to follow all the steps in prescribed treatment, which may include taking high blood pressure medications, cutting down on the amount of salt in your diet, losing excess weight and following a regular exercise program.
Triglyceride: Triglyceride is a type of fat found in your blood. A high triglyceride level along with high levels of total and LDL cholesterol may increase your chance of heart and circulation.
Perform an ultrasound or CT scan to get a picture of your kidneys and urinary tract.
Kidney disease runs in families, so encourage close family members to have their kidney function tested. If kidney disease is found early stage, treatment can be started to slow or stop the damage of kidney.
Creatinine is a waste product in your blood that comes from muscle activity. Higher levels of creatinine indicate a falling glomerular filtration rate and as a result a decreased capability of the kidneys to excrete waste products.
A fasting blood glucose test is done to detect high blood sugar levels as high blood sugar level lead to damage blood vessels in the kidneys.
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR): The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is
estimation of the volume of blood that is filtered by the glomeruli in your kidneys over a given period of time. A normal eGFR is 90 ml/min/1.73 m or more.
Urine Protein: When your kidneys are damaged, protein leaks into urine. Normally there is little or no protein in urine. Kidney disease can cause increased protein in the urine. Persistent protein in the urine is an early sign of chronic kidney disease.
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): A blood urea nitrogen test measures the amount of urea nitrogen that's in your blood. Your liver produces ammonia — which contains nitrogen — after it breaks down proteins used by your body's cells. A BUN test is done to see how well your kidneys are working. It is normally removed from your blood by your kidneys. If your kidneys are not able to remove urea from the blood normally, your BUN level rises.
Serum Albumin: Albumin is a protein made by the liver. A serum albumin test measures the amount of this protein in the clear liquid portion of the blood. Low albumin levels can reflect diseases in which the kidneys cannot prevent albumin from leaking from the blood into the urine and being lost. In this case, the amount of albumin or protein in the urine also may be measured (see microalbumin).
TSAT and Serum Ferritin: Serum ferritin in chronic kidney disease: reconsidering the upper limit for iron treatment. TSAT (pronounced tee-sat) and serum ferritin (pronounced ferry-tin) are measures of iron in the body. TSAT should be above 20 percent and your serum ferritin should be above 100.
Urine Creatinine: This test estimates the concentration of your urine and helps to give an accurate protein result. Low levels of creatinine in the urine may point to a kidney disease, certain muscular and neuromuscular disorders, or an obstruction of the urinary tract.
Protein-to-Creatinine Ratio: This estimates the amount of protein you excrete in your urine in a day and avoids the need to collect a 24-hour sample of your urine.
Hemoglobin: Hemoglobin is the part of red blood cells that carries oxygen from your lungs to all parts of your body. This test is often part of a comprehensive test called a complete blood count (CBC) or complete blood test. In patients who have kidney disease, the doctor will look at your hemoglobin and hematocrit levels (You will feel less tired and have more energy when your hematocrit reaches at least 33 to 36 percent) both taken from analyzing your red blood cells. The test is performed throughout the early stages of chronic kidney disease and the later stages, including end stage renal disease (ESRD).
The microalbumin test detects very small amounts of albumin in the urine. Albumin is protein. One of the early signs of damaged kidneys is the presence of albumin in the urine. In the early diagnostic stage of chronic kidney disease. Yearly for people with diabetes or high blood pressure.
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH): High levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) may result from a poor balance of calcium and phosphorus in the body. Blood tests will be done to check calcium, phosphorus, and PTH levels. Phosphorus levels will be low if you have absorption problems, and high if you have kidney failure.This can cause bone disease. Caution: Do not take over-the-counter vitamin D unless ordered by your doctor.
Potassium: Potassium is a mineral in your blood that helps your heart and muscles work properly. A potassium level that is too high or too low may weaken muscles and change your heartbeat. This test to diagnose or monitor kidney disease. The most common cause of high potassium levels is kidney disease.
Total Cholesterol: Cholesterol is a fat-like substance found in your blood. A high cholesterol level may increase your chance of having heart and circulation problems. Having too much cholesterol in the blood is not a disease in itself, but can lead to the hardening and narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis) in the major vascular systems and kidney problems. High cholesterol is also seen in connection with other diseases such as kidney diseases and diabetes.
HDL Cholesterol: HDL cholesterol is a type of "good" cholesterol that protects your heart. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, is the “good” before fit sort of cholesterol, which helps to be the low-density lipoprotein, before LDL, commencing causing wound to your kidneys. For many patients, the target level for HDL cholesterol is above 40.
LDL Cholesterol: LDL cholesterol is a type of "bad" cholesterol. A high LDL level may increase your chance of having heart and circulation problems. For many patients, the target level for LDL cholesterol is below 100. Increased LDLlevels can be caused by certain kidney diseases.
Calcium: Calcium is a mineral that is important for strong bones. Blood calcium is tested to screen for, diagnosis, and monitor a range of conditions relating to the bones, heart, nerves, kidneys and teeth. Calcium need to be checked in kidney disease because low calcium is especially common in those with kidney failure.
Phosphorus: A high phosphorus level can lead to weak bones. While phosphorus tests are most commonly performed on blood samples, phosphorus is sometimes measured in urine samples to monitor elimination by the kidneys. Higher than normal levels of phosphorus (hyperphosphatemia) may be due to or associated with Kidney failure and hypoparathyroidism.
Blood Pressure: For hypertension patients, make sure to follow all the steps in prescribed treatment, which may include taking high blood pressure medications, cutting down on the amount of salt in your diet, losing excess weight and following a regular exercise program.
Triglyceride: Triglyceride is a type of fat found in your blood. A high triglyceride level along with high levels of total and LDL cholesterol may increase your chance of heart and circulation.
Perform an ultrasound or CT scan to get a picture of your kidneys and urinary tract.
Kidney disease runs in families, so encourage close family members to have their kidney function tested. If kidney disease is found early stage, treatment can be started to slow or stop the damage of kidney.
posted by dian ray at
1:56 AM
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