Causes Kidney Disease

The common causes of chronic kidney disease are diabetes and high blood pressure, and glomerulonephritis which are responsible for up to two-thirds of the cases. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus cause a condition called diabetic nephropathy, which is the leading cause of kidney disease. Untreated or poorly treated high blood pressure is a major cause of CKD.

The etiological agent for this disease is hypertension leads to Renal Damage mainly through Renal Ischemia, and also damages from high TMP and high filtration inside glomerulus.

Other conditions that affect the kidneys are:

• Inherited diseases, Tubulointerstitial such as Polycystic Kidney Disease, which causes large cysts to form in the kidneys and damage the surrounding tissue.
• Obstructions caused by bilateral kidney stones and diseases of the prostate
  Malformations that occur as a baby develops in its mother's womb. For example, a narrowing may occur that prevents normal outflow of urine and causes urine to flow back up to the kidney. This causes infections and may damage the kidneys.
• Vascular, includes large vessel disease such as bilateral renal artery stenosis and small vessel disease such as  vasculitis, ischemic nephropathy and hemolytic-uremic syndrom.
• Glomerulonephritis can cause inflammation and damage to the filtration system units. These disorders are the third most common type of kidney disease. Postinfectious conditions is the most  causes of glomerulonephritis.
• Getting urinary infections very often. A bladder infection usually is not serious if it is treated right away. If you do not take care of a bladder infection, it can spread to your kidneys. A kidney infection is serious and can cause permanent damage of kidney.
• Lupus and other diseases that affect the body's immune system. Systemic lupus erythemotosus (SLE) or lupus is a chronic inflammatory disease. It causes the immune system to attack various systems of the body including blood vessels, the skin, joints, heart, lungs, nervous system, and kidneys. It is called systemic because it can affect the whole body. With people who are suffering from lupus, the tiny filters in their kidneys are damaged resulting in a loss of kidney function. This may cause fluid retention with swelling, weight gain called edema. Puffiness in fingers ankles and the legs often the first complaint of lupus nephritis patients.

However, this list is not complete and there are many other uncommon causes chronic kidney disease.